Fetal fraction plays a crucial role in modern prenatal care, particularly in non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). It refers to the percentage of fetal DNA found in the mother’s blood. This measure is essential for accurate screening of chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome. While low fetal fraction doesn’t directly cause birth injuries, it can sometimes signal underlying conditions that increase the risk of rushed or emergency births, which are linked to birth injuries.

What Causes Low Fetal Fraction?

Low fetal fraction can occur for several reasons. The most common causes include testing too early in pregnancy, high maternal body mass index (BMI), or issues with the placenta, such as placental insufficiency. Medical conditions like preeclampsia or gestational diabetes can also contribute. In rare cases, low fetal fraction might indicate chromosomal abnormalities in the baby, which could lead to complications later in pregnancy.

Understanding these causes allows healthcare providers to offer closer monitoring and support, reducing the chances of unexpected complications during delivery.

Can a Low Fetal Fraction Be Improved?

Improving fetal fraction levels isn’t always possible, but some steps might help. During pregnancy, ensuring optimal health can positively impact overall outcomes. Staying hydrated, maintaining a balanced diet rich in essential nutrients, and following medical advice on weight management may improve placental health, which can indirectly influence fetal fraction. Regular prenatal check-ups are also key to catching any potential issues early.

For those planning a pregnancy, adopting a healthy lifestyle before conception is important. Focus on achieving a healthy BMI, managing chronic conditions like diabetes or hypertension, and avoiding smoking or excessive alcohol consumption. These steps contribute to overall reproductive health, which could reduce complications during pregnancy.

Emergency Births and Birth Injuries

Low fetal fraction can sometimes indicate conditions that increase the likelihood of rushed or emergency births. For example, placental insufficiency might lead to preterm labour or foetal distress, prompting urgent medical intervention. Emergency births often involve unplanned C-sections or the use of tools like forceps, which can increase the risk of birth injuries such as oxygen deprivation, fractures, or nerve damage in the baby.

Parents dealing with the aftermath of a birth injury should know that legal options, such as filing a birth injury claim, can help secure compensation for medical care and other support needed during recovery.

What Can You Do?

Although low fetal fraction can’t always be prevented, being proactive during pregnancy can make a difference. Regular prenatal care helps monitor fetal and placental health, allowing early intervention if problems arise. Discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider, including the timing of NIPT and whether additional tests might be necessary.

Planning ahead also matters. Preparing your body for pregnancy by addressing health issues and following a balanced lifestyle can create the best possible environment for your baby. While no one can eliminate every risk, taking these steps reduces the likelihood of complications that might lead to rushed births or injuries.

Fetal fraction is an important part of understanding and managing a healthy pregnancy. While low levels may indicate risks, proactive care and informed decisions help protect both mother and baby. Staying prepared and seeking medical advice when needed ensures the best outcomes, giving parents peace of mind as they navigate pregnancy and childbirth.

Disclosure: This is a collaborative post.